aliyun linux 5.7更换使用centos的yum源
Aliyun Linux是RHEL(RedHat Enterprise linux)再编译的产物。RHEL系统本身是免费的,但是RHEL官方的yum源是收费的,需要REDHAT公司的技术支持的话也是收费的,一般使用RHEL的系统也都是些企业用户奔着收费技术支持来的。 REDHAT公司允许去除RHEL的相关标识后二次编译RHEL的源码后再次发行,比较有名的产物是CENTOS,阿里云自己也搞了个"Aliyun Linux",基本类似。
由于RedHat的yum在线更新是收费的,我们的RedHat没有注册,不能在线更新下载rpm包。
需将aliyun linux 5.7的yum卸载后,重启安装Centos的yum,再配置其他yum源。
一、确认aliyun的版本
cat /etc/aliyun-release
uname -m
------
[root@iZ28z295fu9Z /]# cat /etc/aliyun-release
Aliyun Linux release 5.7
[root@iZ28z295fu9Z /]# uname -m
x86_64
------
二、删除Aliyun linux原有的yum源
rpm -aq|grep yum|xargs rpm -e --nodeps
三、下载CentOS的yum安装包(163源) (可以在这里手工找rpm包:http://mirrors.163.com/centos/)
64位系统:
wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/5/os/x86_64/CentOS/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-4.el5.x86_64.rpm
wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/5/os/x86_64/CentOS/yum-3.2.22-40.el5.centos.noarch.rpm
wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/5/os/x86_64/CentOS/yum-fastestmirror-1.1.16-21.el5.centos.noarch.rpm
四、安装yum软件包
64位系统:
rpm -ivh yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-4.el5.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh yum-3.2.22-40.el5.centos.noarch.rpm yum-fastestmirror-1.1.16-21.el5.centos.noarch.rpm
注意:最后两个安装包要放在一起同时安装,否则会提示相互依赖,安装失败。
五、更改yum源 #我们使用网易的CentOS镜像源
cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
vi CentOS6-Base-163.repo
如下是文件内容:
# CentOS-Base.repo # # The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the # update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and # geographically close to the client. You should use this for CentOS updates # unless you are manually picking other mirrors. # # If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the # remarked out baseurl= line instead. # # [base] name=CentOS-5 - Base - 163.com mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=5&arch=$basearch&repo=os baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/5/os/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5 #released updates [updates] name=CentOS-5 - Updates - 163.com mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=5&arch=$basearch&repo=updates baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/5/updates/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5 #packages used/produced in the build but not released [addons] name=CentOS-5 - Addons - 163.com mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=5&arch=$basearch&repo=addons baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/5/addons/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5 #additional packages that may be useful [extras] name=CentOS-5 - Extras - 163.com mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=5&arch=$basearch&repo=extras baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/5/extras/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5 #additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages [centosplus] name=CentOS-5 - Plus - 163.com mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=5&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/5/centosplus/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 enabled=0 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5 #contrib - packages by Centos Users [contrib] name=CentOS-5 - Contrib - 163.com mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=5&arch=$basearch&repo=contrib baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/5/contrib/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 enabled=0 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5
六、清理
yum clean all
yum makecache
更新之后,系统会自动加上aliyun的资源镜像。
如果报错:imary.sqlite.bz2 from base: [Errno 256] No more mirrors to try.
执行:yum makecache
七、更新
cd /etc/pki/rpm-gpg
wget http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5
yum update
很长时间的下载后,报错:
warning: rpmts_HdrFromFdno: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID e8562897
GPG key retrieval failed: [Errno 5] OSError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5'
这是因为:指定的文件/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5在本地不存在导致的。
解决:
去官网http://mirror.centos.org/centos/下载相应文件
cd /etc/pki/rpm-gpg
个别情况下/etc/pki下没有rpm-gpg文件夹,我们自己建立即可。
wget http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5
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